"Polished manner" nghĩa là gì?

Thế hệ millennial thiếu kỹ năng nói chuyện lịch sự... Photo courtesy Esther Vargas.

'Polished manner' có từ polished là thanh nhã, tao nhã, tinh tế và manner là bộ dạng, thái độ, cử chỉ; vì thế cụm từ này nghĩa là thái độ lịch sự.

Ví dụ
And the fresh-faced monarch, with his rosy cheeks and his gentle smile and his polished manner, waved to the crowds and said nothing.

He was further helped by his polished manner, his elegant (tao nhã, lịch lãm) tailoring and a total lack of any burden of self-doubt (sự thiếu tự tin, tự ngờ vực mình). If he succeeds in winning the Labour leadership, he will not just be the first black person to do the job, but at 36, the youngest.

The generation born during the 1980s and 1990s have missed out on valuable face-to-face interactions (sự tác động lẫn nhau, tương tác) and failed to learn how to speak in a polished manner, listen attentively (chú tâm) and read other people’s expressions (biểu lộ) and body language.

Western Europeans emerging from the Napoleonic upheavals (biến động) viewed with awe and apprehension a country whose territory and military forces dwarfed those of the rest of the Continent combined and whose elites’ polished manners seemed barely able to conceal a primitive force from before and beyond Western civilization.

Phạm Hạnh

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