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Cấm sử dụng lao động là trẻ em
13 Oct, 2017
theo nghiên cứu ở Ấn Độ thì phản tác dụng,
luật cấm vào năm 1986 -> lương giảm và sử dụng lao động là trẻ em càng tăng,
lý do: các gia đình (nghèo) phải (đành) cho con đi làm (lụng tay, chân) chỉ để đắp đổi qua ngày, và vì lương giảm, nên các em càng phải đi làm nhiều hơn...
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The authors are Prashant Bharadwaj, Leah K. Lakdawala, and Nicholas Li, and here is the abstract:
While bans against child labor are a common policy tool, there is very little empirical evidence validating their effectiveness. In this paper, we examine the consequences of India’s landmark legislation against child labor, the Child Labor (Prohibition and Regulation) Act of 1986. Using data from employment surveys conducted before and after the ban, and using age restrictions that determined who the ban applied to, we show that child wages decrease and child labor increases after the ban. These results are consistent with a theoretical model building on the seminal work of Basu and Van (1998) and Basu (2005), where families use child labor to reach subsistence constraints and where child wages decrease in response to bans, leading poor families to utilize more child labor. The increase in child labor comes at the expense of reduced school enrollment. We also examine the effects of the ban at the household level. Using linked consumption and expenditure data, we find that along various margins of household expenditure, consumption, calorie intake and asset holdings, households are worse off after the ban.
Tags: economics
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