Đừng ngây thơ khi chơi facebook

facebook dùng 'thử thách 10 năm' để cải thiện công nghệ nhận diện khuôn mặt...

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Is Facebook Using the '10-Year Challenge' to Improve Facial Recognition?

While the "10-Year Challenge" spreading across social media may appear to be the latest innocuous (không độc, không có hại, vô thưởng vô phạt) viral phenomenon (hiện tượng lây lan nhanh chóng), sweeping upwards of 5 million users and multiple celebrities into the challenge, privacy experts and technology analysts (nhà phân tích công nghệ) are sounding the alarm about the social engineering motives (động cơ) behind the trend (đằng sau xu hướng này).

According to the theory, the meme – which calls for Facebook and Instagram (which is owned by Facebook) users to upload a photo of themselves a decade ago alongside their latest photo – was deliberately crafted by Facebook as a means to harvest photos for the sake of improving the social media giant's facial recognition software (phần mềm nhận diện khuôn mặt) and AI machine-learning capabilities, or for Facebook to sell in batches to third-party companies.

Cấp bách 'cứu' hàng không vượt Covid-19

hãng hàng không lớn nhất đài loan EVA Airways hợp tác với công ty du lịch Mobius triển khai chương trình "bay! tình yêu trên không" (vào các ngày noel, tất niên, năm mới), cho các bạn trẻ độc thân, 3 tiếng bay vòng vòng trên bầu trời đài loan, và 2 tiếng hẹn hò dưới mặt đất... ;)

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EVA Airways, one of the largest carriers in Taiwan, is partnering with (hợp tác) travel experience company (công ty du lịch) Mobius on a campaign (chương trình, chiến dịch) called “Fly! Love is in the Air.” These are flights for singles on Christmas Day, New Year’s Eve and New Year Day.

“Because of Covid-19, EVA Air has been organizing “faux travel” experiences to fulfill people’s desire for travel. When single men and women travel, apart from enjoying the fun in travel, they may wish to meet someone — like a scene in a romantic movie (bộ phim lãng mạn),” Chiang Tsung-Wei, the spokesperson for You and Me, the speed dating (hẹn hò tốc độ) arm of Mobius, tells CNN Travel.

Each of the dating experiences includes a three-hour flight that departs from Taipei’s Taoyuan International Airport and circles the airspace above Taiwan, plus another two hours of a romantic date back on land.

Participants (người tham gia) are encouraged to (được khuyến khích) have in-depth conversations (trò chuyện sâu/thân mật) with each other on board (trên máy bay) while sampling meals prepared by Michelin-starred chef Motoke Nakamura. They are also encouraged to keep masks (khẩu trang) on when they’re not eating or drinking.

Bài trước: Trở lại "bình thường mới"

Để có nhiều người hiến tạng

khuyến khích họ ghi danh là người hiến tặng tiềm năng đã, như vậy, khi có bệnh nhân, vấn đề có nên hiến (thận, v.v...) hay không ko còn là lý thuyết nữa, mà là cứu giúp một con người cụ thể...

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Dear Dan,

My brother has kidney failure (suy thận), and the transplant wait list (danh sách đợi ghép thận) for deceased (đã mất, quá cố) donors is too long to help him in time. So he's looking into finding a living donor (unfortunately, my blood type isn't a match).

The risks for living donors are minimal, and the average donor experiences no impact on their kidney function or life expectancy (tuổi thọ). But kidney donation is a major surgery, and it carries costs—time off work, some discomfort and several weeks of recovery.

What can I do to encourage people to consider becoming living donors?

—Paul 

When people think about organ donation in the abstract, they might not be too eager to volunteer. But they are more likely to act if there is an actual person who needs help. So I would start by encouraging people to do the simple part of organ donation, which is to register as a potential donor. Then, if a patient turns out to match with them, the question of whether to donate will be less theoretical—it will be about helping a particular person.

Bài trước: Cú huých để giảng viên đại học thêm yêu nghề

Cú huých để giảng viên đại học thêm yêu nghề

không phải cứ thu nhập cao là đóng góp cho xã hội cao,

ví dụ, nghề giáo chưa được xã hội đánh giá đúng,

nghiên cứu cho thấy, nếu thay một giáo viên ở mức 5% dưới đáy bằng một giáo viên trung bình thì thu nhập toàn dòng đời của các sinh viên một lớp tăng 250.000 usd,

hy vọng một ngày nào đó, xã hội sẽ phát triển để trả lương cho mọi người theo đúng đóng góp của họ cho lợi ích của tất cả những người khác...

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Dear Dan,

Do people’s salaries tend to accurately reflect the value they contribute to society? Can we assume that if someone makes a lot of money, they are adding significantly more value than someone who makes only a little?

—Richard 

On the contrary, there are many people who create a lot of value and don’t get paid much, as well as many who create very little value and get paid well. One of the best examples of this mismatch is teachers. A paper by Raj Chetty and colleagues in the American Economic Review estimated how much of an impact teachers have on the future of the students in their classes.

They found that students with strong teachers are more likely to attend college, have higher lifetime salaries and are less likely to become pregnant as teenagers. They estimated that replacing a teacher in the bottom 5% with an average teacher would increase their students’ lifetime income by $250,000 per classroom. Yet obviously, teachers don’t make anywhere close to that figure. Maybe one day we will evolve as a society and base people’s salaries on their actual contribution to the common good.

Bài trước: Chuẩn bị như thế nào cho cái chết của mình

Chuẩn bị như thế nào cho cái chết của mình

nếu còn ngần ngại viết di chúc, thì suy nghĩ tới di sản mình muốn để lại là gì, hiến tặng cho tổ chức từ thiện (có ý nghĩa) v.v...

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Hi, Dan.

We all know that we’re going to die one day, but most people don’t prepare wills (di chúc) or make guardianship (trách nhiệm bảo vệ, trách nhiệm giám hộ) plans for their children. Is there a way to motivate people to take estate planning seriously?

—Shani 

Making a will forces us think about an event that we don’t want to imagine, to make complex decisions (quyết định phức tạp) we prefer not to deal with, and to plan for something that feels very far away. All these factors encourage us to procrastinate (trì hoãn). But while we experience painful feelings when we think about estate planning, the pain for our survivors is much larger if we don’t make a will.

My research lab at Duke works with a startup called GivingDocs that tries to overcome these obstacles (rào cản, cản trở). Before making a will, it asks people to think about the legacy they want to leave behind and the causes they care about, then helps them to plan bequests (sự để lại (bằng chúc thư)) to the charities (từ thiện) that matter to them. This general approach—combining a painful act with distant results, like creating a will, with something that’s immediately meaningful, like donating to charity—is a good way to get people to overcome their tendency to procrastinate.

Bài trước: Suy nghĩ về thực trạng đạo đức xã hội hiện nay

Suy nghĩ về thực trạng đạo đức xã hội hiện nay

ko phải cứ theo đạo thì ít hành vi phi đạo đức và tội phạm hơn đâu, tôn giáo chỉ là một nhân tố, còn trường học và các tổ chức cộng đồng nữa...

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Dear Dan,

Religion (tôn giáo) is supposed to make people behave (cư xử, hành xử) better, but do more religious societies actually have less unethical behavior and crime?

—Chad 

I wish it was that simple. Research suggests that religion can play an important role (đóng vai trò quan trọng) in fostering ethical behavior, but its effects aren’t consistent across the board. A recent paper in the journal Psychological Science examined crime data from 1945 to 2010 for over 170 countries and found that as religious affiliation went down, homicide rates (tỷ lệ tội giết người) tended to go up—but only in areas with relatively low aggregate intelligence scores. How causation works among these variables isn’t clear, but I suspect that areas with higher intelligence scores are more likely to have institutions such as schools and community organizations that help to foster ethical behavior. So while religion isn’t the only factor, some kind of strong social institutions are crucially important for curbing our worst impulses.

Bài trước: Giải pháp hạn chế túi nilon

Giải pháp hạn chế túi nilon

cửa hàng hoa quả nên thưởng tiền cho khách tự mang túi của mình, chứ đừng tính tiền túi giấy (tự bán) nhé...

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Dear Dan,

I shop at two different grocery stores. One charges a nickel for paper bags, while the other gives me a nickel when I bring my own bag. Which approach is more likely to reduce paper-bag use?

—Paul 

The general question you’re raising is whether punishment or reward is better at motivating (khuyến khích, tạo động lực) us to change our behavior (thay đổi hành vi). Punishments are very powerful for motivating people to do something that they only have to do once—for example, installing a smoke alarm in their house or immunizing their children.

But when it comes to repeated behaviors, positive rewards are more effective. In a study conducted in a New York hospital in 2011, researchers found that when physicians were given positive feedback for washing their hands regularly, compliance with the hospital’s handwashing policy rose from 10% to 90%. I suspect that the same principle would hold here: Offering shoppers a credit for bringing their own bag should yield better results.

Bài trước: Quán cà phê làm sao tồn tại qua dịch Covid-19?

Quán cà phê làm sao tồn tại qua dịch Covid-19?

khó, người tiêu dùng hình thành "thói quen tốt" rồi, ko mua sắm ko suy nghĩ, ko mua cà phê trên đường đi làm nữa...

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Dear Dan,

I used to buy coffee every day on my way to the office, but for the last three months I’ve been making it at home. Now I’m commuting again, but I find I don’t miss the coffee shop, and I’ve stopped going. Do you think the habits people formed during the lockdown are going to last?

—Nancy 

The interruption of everyday life (gián đoạn cuộc sống thường ngày) has been an experiment (thử nghiệm, thí nghiệm) showing that (cho thấy rằng) habits (thói quen) aren’t just desires; they’re behaviors (hành vi) cued by reminders in our environment. When we change the way we interact with our environment, a lot of seemingly ingrained habits fade away. Some of them are things we’re better off without, like thoughtless consumption (tiêu dùng/tiêu thụ không suy nghĩ) and spending, but a lot of people are also having trouble maintaining good habits, like eating well, sleeping regularly and staying in touch with friends. Re-establishing those habits is going to take a conscious decision (quyết định có ý thức), but I believe that once we return to our familiar environments and activities, most people will return to their old routines—including buying coffee on the way to work.

Bài trước: Suy thoái vì Covid-19: nên làm gì để khích lệ nhân viên?

Vì sao HLV Arsène Wenger đưa Arsenal chỉ vô địch ba mùa, rồi suốt ngày về nhì?

3 lý do dễ giải thích:

- ko đổi mới, ngủ quên trên chiến thắng,

- thế giới (bóng đá) cạnh tranh, thay đổi, các đối thủ đều mạnh lên,

- ba là, theo quyển The Hidden Half, thì là... hết may rồi :)

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...There are three broad explanations (lời giải thích đại khái) for these tragic (bi thảm, thảm thương) career arcs (cung, hình cung). Our instinct (bản năng) is to blame (đổ lỗi) the individual. We assume that Mr Woodford lost his touch (mất kỹ năng) and that Mr Wenger stopped learning (không tiếp tục học hỏi). That is possible. Successful people can become overconfident (quá tự tin), or isolated (cách ly) from feedback (phản hồi, góp ý), or lazy (lười biếng).

But an alternative possibility (khả năng khác) is that the world changed. Mr Wenger’s emphasis on diet, data and the global transfer market (thị trường chuyển nhượng toàn cầu) was once unusual, but when his rivals (đối thủ) noticed (nhận ra) and began to follow suit (bắt chước), his edge disappeared. In the investment world — and indeed, the business world more broadly — good ideas don’t work forever because the competition (cạnh tranh) catches on (bắt kịp, đuổi kịp).

The third explanation is the least satisfying: that luck was at play. This seems implausible (không có vẻ hợp lý, không có vẻ thật, đáng ngờ) at first glance (cái nhìn đầu tiên/thoáng qua). Could luck alone have brought Mr Wenger three Premier League titles? Or that Mr Bolton was simply lucky for 28 years? Do we really live in such an impossibly random universe (vũ trụ ngẫu nhiên)?

Perhaps we do. Michael Blastland’s recent book, The Hidden Half, argues that much of the variation we see in the world around us is essentially mysterious. Mr Blastland’s opening example is the marmorkrebs, a kind of crayfish that reproduces parthenogenetically (sinh sản đơn tính) — that is, marmorkrebs lay eggs without mating and those eggs develop into clones of their mothers.

Place two clones into two identical fish tanks and feed them identical food. These genetically identical creatures raised in apparently identical environments produce genetically identical offspring who nevertheless vary dramatically in their size, form, lifespan, fecundity, and behaviour. Sometimes things turn out very differently for no reason that we can discern. We might as well call that reason “luck” as anything else.

This is not to say that skill doesn’t matter — merely that in a competition in which all the leaders are highly skilled, randomness may explain the difference between triumph and failure. Good luck plus skill beats bad luck plus skill any time.

Không dễ chút nào

công nghệ có ba dạng: công cụ, hướng dẫn cụ thể, và kiến thức quá trình (process knowledge),

process knowledge quan trọng nhất, vì khó viết thành lời: cũng như có thể cho ai đó công thức nấu ăn, bếp xịn, mà ko có kinh nghiệm nấu ăn thì cũng ko thế có món tuyệt ngon được,

cứ mỗi thế hệ, nhật bản lại tháo dỡ hoàn toàn đền Ise rồi xây dựng lại để ko quên cách xây,

báo cáo năm 2009 cho biết chính phủ mỹ quên cách sản xuất/tạo ra "Fogbank", tài liệu mật để chế tạo bom hydro, và cuối cùng phải mất nhiều triệu đô-la để lấy lại kiến thức này, 

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My essay How Technology Grows argues that technological capabilities ought to be represented in the form of an experienced workforce. We should distinguish technology in three forms: tools, direct instructions (like blueprints and IP), and process knowledge. The third is most important: "Process knowledge is hard to write down as an instruction: you can give someone a well-equipped kitchen and an extraordinarily detailed recipe, but absent cooking experience, it's hard to make a great dish."

We should think of technology as a living product, which has to be practiced for knowledge even to be maintained at its current level. I offered the example of the Ise Grand Shrine, which Japanese caretakers tear down and rebuild anew every generation so that they don't lose its production knowledge. Here's an example I came across more recently: Mother Jones reported in 2009 that the US government forgot how to produce "Fogbank," a classified material essential to the production of the hydrogen bomb, because relevant experts had retired. The government then had to spend millions of dollars to recover that production knowledge. I believe that the hard-to-measure process knowledge is more important than more easily observable tools and IP. We would be capable of making few meaningful advancements if a civilization from 2,000 years in the future were able to dump blueprints on us, just as the Pharaohs and Caesars from 2,000 years in the past would have been able to do nothing with the blueprints of today.

Bài trước: Nên làm gì khi đợi xe buýt quá lâu

Nên làm gì khi đợi xe buýt quá lâu

bấm vỡ xốp bong bóng khí như hồi bé nhé :)

dự án thử nghiệm ở milan, các miếng xốp được cắt thành từng miếng chia theo số phút phải đợi, bạn lấy và cứ ngồi bấm chơi quên bực bội khi chờ xe thôi...

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Three different sized sheets of bubble wrap, sized for how long you expect to wait: a little square for three minutes, bigger for five minutes, biggest for 10 — and the sign on top says: "Antistress For Free!!"

Everyone knows what to do. First, you calculate.

Then you choose.

Then you forget all about the bus and spend the time happily popping polyethylene-wrapped air bubbles.

This idea, from mischievous (tinh nghịch, tinh quái, ranh mãnh, láu lỉnh) Italian conceptual artist Fra.Biancoshock borrows from the well-known psychological principle of "occupied time," which goes like this:

A few years ago, The New York Times reported that airline passengers (hành khách đi máy bay) in Houston were complaining (phàn nàn) bitterly (cay đắng) about how long they had to wait for their bags at those rotating carousels (dây chuyền hành lý). Airport officials quickly added baggage handlers to speed up delivery, but though they cut the time to eight minutes (well within the industry average) the complaints didn't stop. People were peeved (chọc tức, làm phiền, tức giận), because it took one minute to get to baggage claim, and they had to wait around, doing nothing, for the next seven minutes. In other words, 88 percent of their post-flight time was spent waiting.

Bài trước: Trở lại "bình thường mới"

Trở lại "bình thường mới"

hay phết,

bạn làm việc với gì, với symbols (con chữ, mã máy tính), hay things hay people?

với symbols thì cứ làm việc thôi (từ xa) chẳng ảnh hưởng gì,

với things, thì chỉ essential mới nối lại được, nếu ko essential thì phải cắt giảm nhân công,

còn với people, phải đóng cửa hoặc nên nghĩ đến môi trường làm việc hoàn toàn khác (thay đổi)...

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Do you work with symbols, things, or people? The answer determines how you were affected by the virus crisis.

If your value comes from working with symbols (words, computer code), then you are more likely now to work from home. Otherwise, your work was not heavily disrupted.

If your value comes from working with things, then if those things were “essential” you kept working. In fact, work to deliver things actually increased. If you made things that were not so essential, you may have experienced a short-term layoff.

If your value comes from working with people, then you have had to shut down or operate in a greatly altered environment. Think of a restaurant server, a hair stylist, a teacher, or the proprietor of a small shop.

The virus crisis is going to exacerbate (làm trầm trọng) some of the class differences that Joel Kotkin talks about. The class least adversely affected includes those who were already separating themselves as an upper crust. The class most adversely affected includes those who already were suffering declines in status and relative economic strength.

Bài trước: Giáo dục sẽ khác

Giáo dục sẽ khác

sẽ (phần lớn) học online (qua mạng), trẻ em ở vùng sâu vùng xa cũng nhận được giáo dục tốt nhất,

trường học truyền thống sẽ như "nhà trẻ" -> chơi đùa thôi...

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Education

Education and training will be core activities. Both adults and children will be trained and coached to take advantage of online resources. Someone in the most remote rural area or the most blighted urban ghetto (khu vực trong một thành phố, nơi sống của một sắc tộc thiểu số hoặc một nhóm xã hội, tồi tàn và chật chội; khu nhà ổ chuột) will have access, via the Internet, to the best training and education that the world has to offer.

Young people will get their learning on line. Some may stay at home. Others will gather in what amount to day-care centers. These day care centers will provide Internet connections, supervision, opportunities for play, and meals.

Beginning around age 15, many young people will pursue vocational training. Businesses will be involved with this process. Firms may hire and train workers directly for their specific needs, such as call center staff. Or they may indirectly stimulate training by articulating general needs, such as a need for plumbers or automobile mechanics.

Other young people will pursue education in arts, sciences, and humanities. This education will be largely self-directed, with guidance from mentors.

Bài trước: "Cảnh sát giao thông" có cần thiết không?

Sáng tác - ghi nhận

chưa được ghi nhận thì cứ (kiên trì) làm thôi, đừng buồn...

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Creation/recognition // Seth Godin

If you buy an old painting (bức tranh cũ) at a garage sale for $1,000 and then sell it for $25,000, was the change in value (thay đổi giá trị) due to a change in the magic (điều kỳ diệu) involved in the creation of the painting, or is it because the market now recognizes (ghi nhận, thừa nhận) the painting for what it is (and was all along)?

When Alta Vista refused to pay a million dollars to buy Google, was the problem in the value of what Google had, or in Alta Vista’s recognition of that value?

There’s often a significant lag between the creation of something useful and when the market recognizes it.

That’s an opportunity for speculators and investors, who can buy before the recognition happens.

And it’s an opportunity or a trap for creators, who might get disheartened (làm chán nản, làm ngã lòng; làm mất nhuệ khí, làm mất can đảm) about the lack of applause (vỗ tay hoan hô) and upside immediately after they’ve created something.

When we look to the outside world for valuation and recognition, we might be confused about the intrinsic value (giá trị nội tại/bản chất/bên trong) of what we just created. Over time, those things may come into alignment, but that’s rare indeed.

Creation plus persistence can lead to recognition. But creation without recognition is still a worthwhile endeavor.

Bài trước: Tháp nước

"Cảnh sát giao thông" có cần thiết không?

sao dừng đèn đỏ, kiểm tra giấy tờ, bắn tốc độ v.v... phải là cảnh sát,

tại sao giao việc ứng phó với người dân bình thường, người đi đường... cho đơn vị chuyên về "cướp, giết, hiếp" xử lý...

cảnh sát điều tra, xử lý tội phạm thôi chứ...; "đừng dùng búa khi không cần phải đóng đinh"

giao việc đảm bảo "an toàn giao thông" cho đơn vị khác, cũng như thanh tra nhà hàng, thanh tra xây dựng v.v... thôi, ko cần phải là "cảnh sát nhà hàng"...

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It’s an unacknowledged peculiarity (sự kỳ quặc, cái khác thường; cái lập dị) that police are in charge of road safety (an toàn giao thông). Why should the arm of the state that investigates murder (giết người), rape (hiếp dâm) and robbery (cướp của) also give out traffic tickets? Traffic stops are the most common reason for contact with the police. I (allegedly) rolled through a stop sign in the neighborhood and was stopped. It was uncomfortable–hands on the wheel, don’t make any sudden moves, be polite etc. and I am a white guy. Traffic stops can be much more uncomfortable for minorities, which makes the police uncomfortable. Many of the police homicides, such as the killing of Philando Castile happened at ordinary traffic stops. But why do we need armed men (mostly) to issue a traffic citation?

Don’t use a hammer if you don’t need to pound a nail. Road safety does not require a hammer. The responsibility for handing out speeding tickets (phạt chạy quá tốc độ) and citations should be handled by a unarmed agency (đơn vị không vũ trang). Put the safety patrol in bright yellow cars and have them carry a bit of extra gasoline and jumper cables to help stranded motorists as part of their job–make road safety nice. Highways England hires traffic officers for some of these tasks (although they are not yet authorized to issue speeding tickets).

Similarly, the police have no expertise in dealing with the mentally ill or with the homeles–jobs like that should be farmed out to other agencies. Notice that we have lots of other safety issues that are not handled by the police. Restaurant inspectors, for example, do over a million restaurant inspectors annually but they don’t investigate murder or drug charges and they are not armed. Perhaps not coincidentally, restaurant inspectors are not often accused of inspector brutality, “Your honor, I swear I thought he was reaching for a knife….”.

Another advantage of turning over road safety to an unarmed, non-police unit would be to help restore the fourth amendment which has been destroyed by the jurisprudence of traffic stops.

As we move to self-driving vehicles it will become obvious that road safety does not belong with the police (eventually it will be more like air traffic control). We can get a jump start on that trend by more carefully delineating which police duties require the threat of imminent violence and which do not.

Defunding the police, whatever that means, is a political non-starter. But we can unbundle the police.

Bài trước: Vì sao thời gian check-in trong khách sạn thường vào lúc 14 giờ?

Không cảm xúc

còn thi cử, thì không còn cảm xúc/đam mê (ko ai trở thành cổ động viên bóng đá do đọc các sách về rê dắt và qua bài kiểm tra cả) ->  bỏ đi thôi...

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Almost no one who takes an intro to economics course becomes an economist. One reason might be that within a few days of starting the class, it becomes abstract, formula-based and dull.

The same ennui kicks in for having to memorize things in chemistry or world history.

We don’t have these fields because we need to employ professors. We have them because they give us a chance to understand and to figure things out. Once you are enrolled in the journey of discovery, decoding a formula or engaging with a taxonomy becomes urgent, not merely an assigned task.

Because a testing regime is in place, particularly now when so many other tropes in the education-industrial complex are disrupted, the textbook authors and administrators work together to skip the ‘fluff’ and go straight to the stuff that’s easy to test.

That’s not how passion is discovered or nurtured. No one becomes a baseball fan because they read the baseball textbook and did well on the baseball test. The same goes for people who devote their lives to cooking, leading or healthcare. These are journeys that require emotional enrollment, not a good test score. We need to stop holding the future hostage in exchange for an exam.

Bài trước: Bực mình vì phải đóng tiền sân tennis khi đi giao lưu

Vai trò của kiến trúc sư trong dịch Covid-19

biến container cũ thành phòng hồi sức tích cực... :)

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A group of architects and engineers is working to convert shipping containers into intensive care units to help hospitals that are running low on space for COVID-19 patients.

The open-source project, dubbed Connected Units for Respiratory (hô hấp, để thở) Ailments (CURA, or Latin for "cure") is harnessing (khai thác để sản xuất điện (một con sông, một thác nước...)) the skills of experts from around the world to develop self-contained, mobile ICUs that can be plugged into hospitals or installed in parking lots (bãi đỗ xe).

Bài trước: Vì sao thời gian check-in trong khách sạn thường vào lúc 14 giờ?

Bực mình vì phải đóng tiền sân tennis khi đi giao lưu

đến giao lưu ở trường của con gái, toàn đồ "free", cảm thấy rất là sung sướng, mà thật ra có free đâu, học phí đã đóng quá cao rồi,

nhưng đi giao lưu tennis, bị bắt đóng thêm 10 usd thì bực mình, vì sao?

-> đó là do nghĩ đến các chi tiêu riêng rẽ nhau, mà ko nhìn vào bối cảnh tổng thể 

-> là lý do đưa ra các quyết định chi tiêu phi lý như trả tiền trước hằng năm cho tiki để được giao hàng miễn phí, hoặc bực mình khi siêu thị bắt mua túi đựng đồ,

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Dear Dan,

Our daughter attends a very expensive private university, where I recently attended an event. There were lots of freebies for us to take, including fancy snacks and notebooks with the university logo. I was excited to get these items, but of course they aren’t really free since we pay so much in tuition.

I thought about this last week when my tennis team was playing a match at a different club, and we were asked to pay a $10 fee to use the facilities. This felt annoying and unfair, even though I spend a lot more than that on my tennis hobby overall. Why did I get so excited about those “free” items and so angry about this small expense, when neither of them really matters in the big picture?

—Juliet

The problem is that we tend to think about each of our expenses separately, rather than seeing them in their overall context. This is the source of many of our irrational financial decisions and emotions—whether it’s paying high fees to money managers who don’t justify the cost, or paying Amazon an annual fee for “free” shipping or getting annoyed when the supermarket starts charging a nickel for a plastic bag. It’s not easy to think clearly about each small expense in terms of our total financial situation, but if you can, you will be able to make better decisions about money.

Bài trước: Ứng dụng miễn phí giúp quản lý chi tiêu

Ứng dụng miễn phí giúp quản lý chi tiêu

nếu chỉ đặt ra hạn mức chi tiêu rồi quên bẵng đi đến cuối tháng mới xem lại thì ko ích gì, thường bị overspend,

điều cần làm là thỉnh thoảng phải phân tích, xem chi nhiều vào mục nào rồi, và từ đó điều chỉnh, để đi đúng hướng, chi tiêu hiệu quả...

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Dear Dan,

I use a budgeting app (ứng dụng quản lý chi tiêu) to set monthly spending goals (hạn mức chi tiêu hằng tháng) for each category of expense, but every month I find that I’ve gone over my limit in multiple categories. Are budgeting apps just a waste of time?

—Anthony

The struggle that you are experiencing is not between you and your app but between your emotional (cảm xúc) self, which wants to get things now, and your cognitive (liên quan đến nhận thức; dựa trên hiểu biết, kinh nghiệm) self, which wants you to plan for a better future. My guess is that you’d be in an even worse situation without the app.

Budgeting isn’t effective if you set a spending goal and then don’t think about it again until the end of the month. Instead, try using the app to analyze (phân tích) your spending every other day. That way, when you find yourself spending too much, you’ll be able to adjust (điều chỉnh) your behavior (hành vi) to stay on track for your monthly goal, rather than discovering you’ve overspent only when it’s too late to do anything about it.

Bài trước: Tư vấn mua máy tính

Tư vấn mua máy tính

nhiều máy tính quá, ko biết chọn cái nào -> cùng ngồi chọn trên mạng chỉ 2 tiếng thôi (giới hạn thời gian) và sẽ chọn mua cái tốt nhất tìm được trong thời gian đó,

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Hi, Dan.

I offered to purchase a computer as a gift for a close relative, and I asked him to pick out the one he wanted. But he simply can’t make a choice. He keeps comparing different models and researching all the available features, even though I’m sure he will never use most of them. How can I help him to make a decision?

—Stanley

Choice paralysis, or what’s sometimes called “paralysis by analysis,” (tê liệt vì phân tích) is a common problem. Some famous experiments in behavioral science have shown that making decisions is harder when you have too many options and too much information (quá nhiều lựa chọn, quá nhiều thông tin). To force your relative to limit his search, tell him that the two of you will sit down together and go shopping online for two hours; then you’ll buy the best computer you’ve found in that time. Using firm deadlines (hạn chót) is a good way to combat our indecisive nature.

Bài trước: Tư vấn mua xe mới