"Without so much as a by your leave" nghĩa là gì?

Photo by Josh Hild on Unsplash

"Without so much as a by your leave" -> nghĩa là không cần xin phép, không cần phải được cho phép, tự tiện.

Ví dụ
But sometimes you get no choice. Out of the blue, without so much as a by-your-leave, Virgin boss, Richard Branson swooped (xà xuống) in to steal everyone’s thunder. On July 11, nine days before Bezos’s big day, Branson became the first ever billionaire to launch himself into space.

In particular, when Apple notes that “an application may be able to execute arbitrary (tùy ý) code with kernel privileges”, you should assume that an attacker could not only steal your personal data without any visible warnings, but also effectively “jailbreak” your device, thereby bypassing Apple’s protective security boundaries entirely, without so much as a by-your-leave.

It cannot. All of the USSR’s military strength could not compensate (đền bù) for a catering economy, and it vanished without so much as a “by your leave”. The ultimate determinant of a country’s strength is its people’s will power.

It’s more than a little ironic (mỉa mai) that, a few years on from his decision to invite a petroleum company into his backyard, George’s complaints (than phiền) about the industry now echo (vang lại) those of Native American activists who’ve had pipelines (kênh cung cấp) foisted (lén đưa vào) on them without so much as a by-your-leave.

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