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17 Dec, 2023
đại nạn đói soviet giai đoạn 1932-1933, 92% là người ukraine...
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This study constructs (xây dựng) a large new dataset to investigate (điều tra) whether state policy (chính sách nhà nước) led to ethnic (dân tộc) Ukrainians experiencing higher mortality (tỷ lệ tử vong cao hơn) during the 1932–33 Soviet Great Famine (nạn đói lớn). All else equal, famine (excess) mortality rates were positively associated with ethnic Ukrainian population share across provinces, as well as across districts within provinces. Ukrainian ethnicity, rather than the administrative boundaries (những ranh giới) of the Ukrainian republic, mattered for famine mortality. These and many additional results provide strong evidence that higher Ukrainian famine mortality was an outcome of policy, and suggestive evidence on the political-economic drivers of repression (sự đàn áp). A back-of-the-envelope calculation (phép tính mặt sau của phong bì) suggests that bias against Ukrainians explains up to 77% of famine deaths in the three republics of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus and up to 92% in Ukraine.
source: nber,
Tags: Hồng Nhungukraine
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