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Xoay trục sang Trung Quốc đã cứu Elon Musk tuy nhiên cũng tăng ràng buộc của tỷ phú với Bắc Kinh
28 Mar, 2024
Tesla và Trung Quốc xây dựng mối quan hệ cộng sinh với khoản tín dụng, công nhân và bộ phận khiến Musk trở nên siêu giàu. Giờ đây, sự phụ thuộc của tỷ phú vào đất nước mang lại đòn bẩy cho Bắc Kinh
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Mr. Musk had reason to celebrate. A few years earlier, with Tesla on the brink of failure, he had bet on China, which offered cheap parts and capable workers — and which needed Tesla as an anchor to jump-start its fledgling electric vehicle industry (ngành công nghiệp xe điện non trẻ).
For Chinese leaders, the prize was a Tesla factory on domestic soil (đất trong nước). Mr. Musk would build one in Shanghai that would become a flagship, accounting for over half of Tesla’s global deliveries and the bulk of its profits (phần lớn lợi nhuận).
Interviews with former Tesla employees, diplomats and policymakers reveal how Mr. Musk built an unusually symbiotic relationship with Beijing, profiting from the Chinese government’s largess even as he reaped subsidies in the United States.
As Mr. Musk explored building the factory in Shanghai, Chinese leaders agreed to a crucial policy change on national emissions regulations, following lobbying by Tesla that was not previously reported. That change directly benefited Tesla, bringing in an estimated hundreds of millions of dollars in profits as China production took off, The New York Times found.
And while the Chinese emissions program (chương trình phát thải) brought in hundreds of millions of dollars in credits for Tesla, according to the market analysis company CRU Group, the price of credits is dropping because Chinese companies are manufacturing more electric cars.
“We have reached the tipping point,” said Lei Xing, an independent auto analyst focused on China.
Despite rising competition, Mr. Musk remains strong in the country.
In October 2022, Mr. Li, the former Shanghai leader, was promoted to the country’s No. 2 spot. Mr. Musk is also building a battery factory (nhà máy sản xuất pin) in Shanghai, which a state-owned research firm said last year would use CATL cells. When Mr. Musk traveled to China last May, the battery maker’s chairman welcomed him with a 16-course banquet. At his side for at least part of the trip was Ms. Tao, the lobbyist, who had risen to the post of vice president (chức vụ phó chủ tịch) at Tesla. (CATL did not respond to questions.)
source: nytimes,
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