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Chính quyền Biden công bố quy tắc nhằm mở rộng xe điện
21 Mar, 2024
quy định yêu cầu nhà sản xuất ô tô bán xe điện và xe hybrid thắt chặt giới hạn về ô nhiễm ống xả
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The Biden administration on Wednesday issued one of the most significant climate regulations in the nation’s history, a rule designed to ensure that the majority of new passenger cars and light trucks sold in the United States are all-electric or hybrids by 2032.
Nearly three years in the making, the new tailpipe pollution limits from the Environmental Protection Agency would transform the American automobile market (thị trường ô tô). A record 1.2 million electric vehicles rolled off dealers’ lots last year, but they made up just 7.6 percent of total U.S. car sales, far from the 56 percent target under the new regulation (quy định). An additional 16 percent of new cars sold would be hybrids.
The E.P.A. regulation is not a ban. It does not mandate the sales of electric vehicles (bắt buộc bán xe điện), and gas-powered cars and trucks could still be sold. Rather, it requires carmakers to meet tough new average emissions limits (giới hạn phát thải trung bình) across their entire product line. It’s up to the manufacturers to decide how to comply.
Under the Clean Air Act, the agency can limit the pollution generated by the total number of cars sold each year. E.P.A. officials said automakers could comply with the emissions caps by selling a mix of conventional gasoline-burning cars, hybrids, electric vehicles or other types of vehicles, such as cars powered by hydrogen. The new regulation, which would not apply to sales of used automobiles or light trucks, would take effect starting with model year 2027.
A lack of public charging stations for electric vehicles remains a problem. While more than 172,000 were installed last year, analysts project that the nation will need more than two million chargers by 2030 to support the growth in electric vehicles envisioned by the E.P.A. regulation.
At the same time, growth in sales of electric vehicles is slowing, even as the new regulations would require a nearly tenfold increase in such sales within just eight years. Buyers of new electric vehicles are eligible for up to $7,500 in federal tax credits, but only 18 models are currently eligible for that full credit, down from about two dozen last year. One of those eligible models, the Ford F-150 Lightning, an all-electric pickup truck that once had a waiting list (danh sách chờ) of 200,000, last year saw sales of 24,000, far short of the 150,000 sales projected by Ford.
source: nytimes,
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