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"Smokestack industries" nghĩa là gì?
04 Apr, 2021
Francesco Ungaro on Unsplash
"Smokestack industries" = ngành công nghiệp khói -> nghĩa là công ty công nghiệp nặng, thải ra nhiều khói bụi gây ô nhiễm.
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It’s also crucial (quan trọng) to change the economic structure in a cleaner direction, with less reliance (dựa vào) on the most polluting smokestack industries.
Smokestack industries traditionally have also been capital-intensive producers, requiring investment (đầu tư) in large facilities, heavy equipment, and machinery.
The establishment and spread of smokestack industries is usually a key step in the process of economic development and industrialization. The Industrial Revolution among Western economies was essentially a process of moving the economy from an agricultural (nông nghiệp) focus to a manufacturing focus centered on smokestack industries.
Smokestack industries are generally perceived (nhận thấy) as having a high degree of cyclicality, since their fortunes are usually dependent on the state of the broad economy.
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