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A device that sticks to the tummy (dạ dày) and can tell when the bladder (bàng quang) is nearly full could help people with incontinence (sự không kiềm chế được, không dằn lại được; dục vọng không thể kiềm chế được, sự hoang dâm vô độ; sự không cầm được (đái dầm, ỉa đùn...)).

The gadget (thiết bị), about the size of a matchbox (hộp diêm), beams ultrasound waves into the abdomen (bụng) to detect when the bladder is expanding (mở rộng), then sends a message (tin nhắn) to an app on the patient’s phone, telling them to go to the loo (buồng vệ sinh) to avoid an accident.

The £400 gadget, called Dfree, is aimed mainly at those who have incontinence due to urinary retention (giữ lại), where the bladder becomes stretched from being full much of the time. But it could potentially help all incontinence patients keep an eye on bladder control (kiểm soát).

When the bladder is just over half full, muscles in its wall usually send a message to the brain, which then tells us we need to urinate (đi tiểu) while at the same time telling the bladder to hold on until the appropriate moment (thời điểm thích hợp).

However, holding on for too long stretches the bladder and interrupts the signals from muscles in the bladder wall that tell the brain it is time to go.

The weakened bladder muscles — due to advancing age, for example — also prevent it emptying fully, leading to frequent small leaks (đái dắt) that sufferers do not feel coming.

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